418 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study demonstrates that Tel1-mediated localized negative feedback, acting through Xrs2-dependent recruitment and kinase activity, reshapes the genome-wide landscape of meiotic DNA double-strand breaks by redistributing them based on innate chromosome-specific patterns, thereby influencing genetic variation.
This study reveals that unlike in mice, human aging and Alzheimer's disease involve an adaptive regulation of ribosomal error rates mediated by ER-stress signaling and Alzheimer's-related proteins, highlighting translation fidelity as a critical factor in human proteostasis and neurodegeneration.
This study reveals that metabolic stress induces the widespread accumulation of functional, cap-unmethylated mRNAs in yeast and mammals, demonstrating that cap methylation is a dynamic, regulated modification linked to H3K36me3 that confers an adaptive advantage during stress rather than being a constitutive feature of mRNA.
This study reveals that macrophages recruit membrane-bound DNaseX to nascent phagocytic cups to degrade extracellular DNA prior to phagosome closure, establishing a novel mechanism for clearing bulky eDNA structures without internalization.
This study employs a synchrotron-based correlative X-ray microscopy framework to demonstrate that fluorescent silica nanoparticles in macrophages undergo dose-dependent redistribution from peripheral endosomes to the perinuclear region and are stably sequestered through cell divisions, ultimately revealing that their apparent nuclear localization results from vesicular extension into nuclear envelope invaginations rather than true nuclear entry.
This study demonstrates that Laminin 5, acting through Integrin 6b, is essential for maintaining apicobasal polarity and epithelial identity in the basal layer of the developing zebrafish epidermis by preventing the acquisition of mesenchymal traits, while the overlying periderm preserves its integrity through alternative mechanisms involving aPKC and Lgl.
This study quantifies the significant ethical costs of insufficient antibody validation in biomedical research, revealing that reliance on social factors over rigorous testing leads to the avoidable waste of millions of animal and human biological samples while identifying key barriers and proposing coordinated solutions to mitigate this issue.
This study reveals that asymmetric inheritance of histones in olfactory horizontal basal cells drives differential transcription re-initiation and cell fate priming, which is essential for successful tissue regeneration and smell recovery in mice.
This study demonstrates that while aged lung epithelial progenitors maintain regenerative capacity through enhanced autophagy, their overall function is compromised by an aging fibroblast niche characterized by senescence, mTORC1 activation, and reduced autophagy, which impairs organoid formation and increases susceptibility to mechanical stress.
This study demonstrates that in Drosophila epithelial cells, Cyclase-Associated Protein (CAP)-mediated turnover of apical actin filaments is essential to prevent actin accumulation from sterically excluding microtubules, thereby ensuring proper organization of non-centrosomal microtubules and maintaining epithelial polarity and function.